A Northwestern University team published Nature Neuroscience data on a soft, wireless implant that delivers patterned transcranial optogenetic stimulation through the skull to activate genetically targeted neurons. In mouse models the 64‑micro‑LED array produced distinct neural activation patterns that animals learned to interpret as percepts and use to guide behavior, showing long‑term stability without tethering. Authors highlighted therapeutic potential for sensory prostheses, pain modulation, stroke rehabilitation and brain–machine interfaces and described the platform as a minimally invasive route to patterned cortical stimulation.