Researchers demonstrated that rotavirus RNA levels in wastewater correlate with regional infection prevalence and vaccination coverage across the United States. The study positions wastewater‑based epidemiology (WBE) as a low‑latency surveillance method for both pathogen circulation and immunization impact. The team correlated sewage RNA signals with clinical case data and vaccine uptake metrics, suggesting public‑health agencies can use WBE to monitor community immunity and detect resurgent transmission. The method uses routine environmental sampling and high‑throughput sequencing. Implication for biotech and public health: WBE offers a scalable surveillance layer that can inform vaccine program adjustments and prioritize diagnostic or therapeutic resource deployment during outbreaks.