The University of Chicago introduced Ultra‑Mild Bisulfite Sequencing (UMBS‑seq), a new method that preserves DNA while delivering accurate, genome‑wide methylation profiles—addressing major limitations of conventional bisulfite techniques that damage samples and obscure low‑input clinical specimens. UMBS‑seq promises improved epigenetic biomarker discovery and higher‑quality methylation reads for cancer diagnostics. In parallel, single‑cell RNA‑seq studies are refining tumor atlases: new single‑cell analyses in osteosarcoma revealed cellular heterogeneity tied to therapy response and may inform patient stratification. Together these methods expand precision oncology’s molecular toolkit for discovery and translational assays.