Researchers presented a novel oral delivery approach—a drinkable gene‑therapy foam—to target constrictive esophageal carcinoma, aiming to overcome local-access barriers for gene transfer. The preclinical work demonstrates retention at the mucosal surface and transgene expression in target tissues after oropharyngeal administration. In parallel, a review and innovation spotlight outlined extracellular vesicles (EVs) as next‑generation delivery vehicles for genes and proteins, citing improved safety profiles versus viral vectors and emerging engineering strategies to enhance tissue targeting. Both strands address manufacturing and dosing hurdles for clinical translation. Clarification: Extracellular vesicles are cell‑derived membrane particles that can carry proteins and nucleic acids and serve as nonviral delivery vehicles.