Researchers published a tumor‑informed circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) assay that predicted recurrence and survival outcomes in anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC). The Nature Communications study developed and validated a personalized ctDNA approach designed to detect minimal residual disease and stratify recurrence risk following definitive therapy. The assay integrates tumor sequencing to design individualized ctDNA targets and demonstrated prognostic performance across the study cohort. Authors and accompanying press materials positioned the test as a potential tool to guide surveillance intensity and early intervention decisions in ASCC management. The publication includes methodological details and comparative analyses versus conventional clinical markers; the team called for prospective validation to confirm utility in clinical decision pathways.