Recent advancements in regenerative medicine spotlight the engineering of functional tissues and sophisticated cellular models. Kumamoto University scientists have successfully generated functional ureter tissue from pluripotent stem cells, signaling potential impact on kidney transplant therapies. Concurrently, in reproductive biology, developmental mapping of primate ovarian reserve formation offers new avenues to better understand female infertility and associated disorders. Additionally, pioneering bidirectional pluripotent stem cells enable modeling of post-gastrula embryonic development stages. Such technologies collectively pave the way for personalized transplantation options and refined disease modeling, advancing both clinical and experimental medicine.