A comprehensive review examined the biomedical promise and broader effects of targeted protein degradation (TPD), surveying therapeutic potential, off‑target risks, and ecological considerations. The authors detailed how degraders (e.g., PROTACs) can eliminate disease‑causing proteins inaccessible to inhibitors while raising questions about species‑specific E3 ligase expression and cross‑species toxicity. The paper calls for integrated safety frameworks, including cross‑species toxicology screens and environmental fate studies, as TPD modalities scale toward clinical use. For drug developers, the review outlines critical preclinical assays to detect unintended degradation and recommends regulatory engagement to define acceptable safety margins for this expanding therapeutic class.