Summit Therapeutics’ Phase 3 Harmoni trial for ivonescimab, a PD-1 and VEGF bispecific antibody, showed statistical improvement in progression-free survival but failed to improve overall survival in non-small cell lung cancer. The trial revealed variability in results between regions, with better outcomes seen in Asian populations. These conflicting data cast uncertainty on the drug's potential FDA approval and raise questions about the therapeutic class's viability despite significant investment by multiple biopharma companies.