New research presented in Seville indicates that some patients who carry anti‑AAV antibodies—traditionally considered exclusionary for AAV‑based gene therapy—may still be eligible for treatment or for strategies that overcome preexisting immunity. The findings came from translational studies assessing antibody levels, neutralization capacity and clinical outcomes. Lead sentence: Investigators reported evidence that preexisting anti‑AAV immunity does not uniformly preclude successful AAV gene transfer, suggesting assay refinement and patient‑selection strategies could expand candidate pools. The study evaluated serostatus, neutralizing titers and the potential for immune‑modulating approaches. For developers and trial designers, the takeaway is that standardized, predictive assays and mitigation tactics (plasmapheresis, immunomodulation, alternative capsids) could alter enrollment criteria and commercial addressable markets. Regulators and sponsors will need to align on validated assays and breakthrough-pathway considerations for broader access.