Stanford Medicine researchers, led by Bali Pulendran, published preclinical data in Science describing an intranasal vaccine that protected mice from diverse respiratory viruses, bacteria and allergens for months. The vaccine strategy integrates innate and adaptive mucosal immunity to create a persistent protective loop in lung tissue. Investigators stressed the work is preclinical and highlighted translation hurdles — safety, durability, and human mucosal immunogenicity — but framed the approach as a potential route to simplify seasonal vaccination and improve readiness for emerging respiratory threats.