Researchers at Stanford reported a nasal vaccine in Science that produced broad protection in mice against multiple respiratory viruses, bacteria and even allergen challenge. The intranasal candidate elicited a sustained mucosal immune response and protected against SARS‑CoV‑2, other coronaviruses, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii and house‑dust‑mite allergen in preclinical studies. Authors led by Bali Pulendran emphasized this is preclinical work and outlined translational steps toward safety and human testing. The study presents a combined innate‑adaptive mucosal strategy; "mucosal vaccination" here refers to intranasal delivery designed to generate local lung immunity distinct from systemic shots.