Researchers deployed single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) to visualize extracellular vesicle (EV) DNA dynamics inside recipient cells, reporting direct imaging of EV-borne nucleic acids and their intracellular fate. The study, published in Journal of Translational Medicine, mapped EV DNA localization at subcellular resolution and quantified uptake patterns across cell types, shedding light on how EV cargo may alter recipient cell function. The platform offers a tool for translational teams developing EV-based diagnostics and therapeutics to validate delivery efficiency and off-target distribution. Authors suggested the technique could accelerate development of EV-mediated gene‑delivery platforms and improve interpretation of circulating EV signatures used in liquid biopsy assays.