Novel findings highlight complex immune dynamics impacting cancer immunity and therapy. Regulatory T cells expressing a FOXP3 variant can enhance cytotoxic T cell antitumor activity, with morpholino oligos shown to reprogram Tregs and boost immune responses. Additionally, blocking MondoA–TXNIP pathways increases tumor immunity by modulating lactic acid in the microenvironment. These discoveries offer promising targets to overcome tumor immune evasion and improve immunotherapeutic efficacy.