Researchers worldwide are making crucial advances in cancer biology and treatment. Organoid models derived from primary and xenograft ovarian tumors show promise in predicting platinum therapy responses. Novel blood-based diagnostic tests enhance sepsis and cancer biomarker detection with improved sensitivity and specificity. Gene therapies and immune-enhancing strategies are progressing in targeting various solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. These breakthroughs are setting new paradigms in personalized oncology care, improving prognostic evaluations, and offering fresh therapeutic avenues.