Researchers and companies reported two complementary advances aimed at scaling engineered immune-cell therapies. One team described methods to mass-produce CAR‑expressing natural killer (CAR‑iNK) cells at industrial scale, addressing a major manufacturing bottleneck for off-the-shelf cell therapies. Separately, another report outlined next-generation engineered T cell technologies designed to broaden targets and improve efficacy in solid tumors. The CAR‑iNK work focused on manufacturing throughput and robustness; the engineered T cell paper emphasized design innovations in receptor constructs and functional persistence. Together these advances tackle both supply‑side constraints and therapeutic performance issues that have limited wider adoption of cell therapies. Clinical translation will depend on downstream validation, GMP-scale transfers, and regulatory acceptance of new manufacturing paradigms. The combined progress reinforces investor and sponsor interest in modular, scalable cell platforms.