New long-read sequencing studies offer an unprecedented view into human genomic complexity. The University of Washington-led 1000 Genomes Project Long-Read Sequencing Consortium expanded its efforts to include PacBio sequencing to complement nanopore data, increasing resolution of structural variants across populations. These efforts uncovered over 175,000 structural variation events, many previously uncharacterized, enhancing understanding of genomic diversity relevant for precision medicine. Near-complete genome assemblies shed light on centromere evolution, Y chromosome variation, and functional implications in health and disease. This work represents a key resource for biomedical research and genetic diagnostics.