Industry experts highlighted adoption of real‑time metabolic and cell‑level monitoring tools to improve control and scalability of cell and gene therapy manufacturing workflows. PHCNA commentary emphasizes early-intervention benefits from continuous sensors and analytics in complex CGT processes. Complementing manufacturing advances, a separate study introduced multi‑contrast magnetic particle imaging with responsive hydrogel nanoprobes for tomographic pH mapping, offering quantitative in vivo readouts that could accelerate biomaterials and delivery optimization. Together these methods aim to reduce batch failures, speed process development and provide translational biomarkers for CGT pipelines.