A targeted NIH award backed new leukemia immunotherapy research at SUNY Upstate Medical University, with $3.3 million funding aimed at strategies to counter leukemia’s immune evasion in acute myeloid leukemia. The effort targets how immune recognition is disrupted and focuses on stripping away a key leukemia defense. In pediatric immunology, a case report flagged a rare but serious complication: IL12Rβ1 deficiency was linked to multifocal osteomyelitis after BCG vaccination. The report underscores the need for genetic context in immunization safety evaluation. Finally, a lung-cancer imaging and interventional step was reported elsewhere, but the most direct pediatric-to-rare disease thread in this set is the NIH-supported leukemia work and the BCG complication signal—both relevant to immune pathway targeting and risk stratification.