Leading cancer centers presented breakthroughs in radiation oncology at the 2025 ASTRO meeting. UCLA and University of Cincinnati researchers unveiled advancements including targeted radioactive therapies for recurrent prostate cancer, stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) techniques, and 5DCT-guided imaging. The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center disclosed 10-year data indicating SBRT matches surgery effectiveness for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. These developments offer promise to optimize treatment efficacy and patient outcomes.