Studies have elucidated roles of CCNE1 and FTO proteins in promoting hepatocellular carcinoma progression. CCNE1 activates PI3K/Akt signaling and modulates tumor-associated macrophage polarization, facilitating tumor growth and immune evasion. FTO enhances tumor malignancy by modulating m6A RNA methylation of BUB1 and activating TGF-β signaling pathways. These molecular insights identify potential therapeutic targets within the tumor microenvironment and epitranscriptomic regulation, driving novel approaches for liver cancer treatment.