A BMC Cancer study evaluated prophylactic infusions of third‑party natural killer (NK) cells following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for high‑risk acute myeloid leukemia. Researchers reported encouraging safety and feasibility data, with signals suggesting potential reduction in early relapse risk. The trial assessed infusion tolerability, immune reconstitution, and short‑term clinical outcomes, positioning prophylactic NK therapy as a candidate adjunct to HSCT. NK cell therapy employs innate immune effectors capable of targeting residual leukemia without requiring HLA matching.