MD Anderson Cancer Center is set to begin a clinical trial of psilocybin to prevent chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). The trial follows preclinical work reported in Science showing neuroprotective activity in excised human nerve tissue and mouse models. Investigators plan to test whether psilocybin can block neurotoxicity associated with chemotherapy, targeting a high-burden adverse effect that can force dose reductions or treatment discontinuation. The trial reflects growing interest in serotonin-pathway interventions as disease-modifying strategies in supportive oncology. If outcomes translate from preclinical models, psilocybin could become a distinctive addition to CIPN prevention approaches in patients receiving neurotoxic chemotherapy regimens.