Two preclinical studies reported distinct advances in engineered cell therapy safety and activity. One group described a targeted gene‑integration strategy designed to reduce the risk of secondary primary malignancies (SPMs) following CAR‑T — an approach that improves genomic safety profiles in translational models. Separately, researchers showed collagen‑binding, IL‑12‑armored STEAP1 CAR‑T cells that maintained antitumor activity with reduced systemic toxicity in prostate cancer mouse models. Both studies highlight engineering solutions aimed at clinical tolerability and durability.