Clinicians at Lausanne University Hospital and the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research reported a personalized neoantigen vaccine that induced a durable immune response in an aggressive ovarian cancer case and functioned as a “living laboratory” for identifying patient-specific T-cell receptors. The approach showed how vaccine administration can feed back into discovery of the immune targeting machinery. The report emphasizes operational linkage between treatment and immunomonitoring—vaccination not only aims to stimulate tumor-reactive T cells, but also helps map which receptors recognize the intended antigens. For the field, the value lies in feasibility and repeatable workflows for personalized immunotherapy, where TCR discovery can accelerate follow-on therapeutic design.