A landmark xenotransplantation milestone was achieved with the first pig-to-human lung transplant that remained viable and functional for nine days in a brain-dead patient. Using a genetically modified pig lacking the alpha-gal antigen, the lung avoided hyperacute rejection but encountered complications such as ischemia reperfusion injury and delayed antibody-mediated rejection. The findings underline the challenges and potential of extending xenotransplantation as a solution for organ shortage, with implications for future clinical trials.