Chinese surgeons implanted a genetically modified pig liver segment as an auxiliary graft into a patient with a life‑threatening liver tumor; the xenograft performed metabolic functions for 38 days before removal due to thrombotic microangiopathy. The team published outcomes in the Journal of Hepatology. Postoperative reports said the graft produced bile, pig‑derived albumin and clotting factors, stabilizing the patient initially. Complications attributable to immune activation—thrombotic microangiopathy—necessitated plasma exchange and ultimately graft removal on day 38; the patient survived another 133 days and died from gastrointestinal bleeding. The case demonstrates short‑term physiological support from xenogeneic liver tissue and highlights immune‑mediated complications that remain the principal barrier to longer‑term xenotransplant success.