The TORPEdO Phase III clinical trial demonstrated that intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and proton beam therapy (PBT) provide comparable patient-reported outcomes in the treatment of locally advanced oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Conducted across multiple UK centers, this trial informs radiation modality selection by showing therapeutic equivalence between the refined photon-based IMRT and the more costly proton therapy. The findings contribute vital evidence to optimize treatment strategies balancing efficacy, side effects, and resource allocation in head and neck oncology.