Chinese surgeons transplanted a genetically modified pig liver segment into a patient with an inoperable tumor and reported the graft supported metabolic functions for 38 days before removal, with the patient surviving an additional 133 days. The Journal of Hepatology paper describes biosynthesis of bile, pig‑derived albumin and clotting factors from the chimeric graft and details post‑transplant complications including thrombotic microangiopathy linked to immune activation. The procedure was performed as an auxiliary graft—part of the patient's native liver remained to allow regeneration—and represents one of the most advanced reports of xenotransplantation to date. Investigators used heavy immunosuppression and plasma exchange to manage immune complications; the graft eventually required explantation when clotting pathology progressed. Authors and commentators framed the result as proof‑of‑concept that xenogeneic organs can perform key physiological tasks in humans short‑term, while underscoring immune, coagulation, and safety barriers that remain before broader clinical use.