Groundbreaking research from the Broad Institute and Massachusetts General Brigham reveals that exposure to low-oxygen environments ameliorates neurodegeneration and motor dysfunction in mouse models of Parkinson’s disease. Contrary to previous beliefs about oxygen toxicity, controlled hypoxia restored neuron function and reduced movement disorders, highlighting a potential new therapeutic avenue. The findings, published in Nature Neuroscience, open possibilities for interventions aiming at brain oxygen modulation to alleviate Parkinsonian symptoms.