Maos Cancer Cell Dependencies reported a new, publicly available tumor organoid biobank spanning 256 clinically annotated models across colorectal, esophageal, ovarian, pancreatic, and gastric cancers. The effort mapped gene dependencies using genome-wide CRISPR–Cas9 screens across 162 organoids and linked those findings to multi-omic and clinical features. The resource also includes paired pre- and post-treatment samples to support analyses of how vulnerabilities shift after tumor evolution. In colorectal cancer, integrative work examined differential functional effects of KRAS variant alleles on the EGFR–RAS–MAPK axis, using pharmacologic and genetic interrogation. For precision oncology teams, the value lies in coupling patient-derived biology with systematic dependency mapping rather than relying on adapted 2D lines alone.