GlaxoSmithKline agreed to buy Nuvalent for $10.6 billion, giving the UK drugmaker two late-stage, FDA-reviewed lung cancer inhibitors—zidesamtinib (NVL-520) and neladalkib (NVL-655)—with target decision dates of September 18, 2026 and November 27, 2026, respectively. The deal also includes NVL-330 in Phase 1 and Nuvalent’s preclinical portfolio. GSK framed the purchase as a way to address efficacy and tolerability gaps in ALK- and ROS1-altered non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including settings where patients have progressed after existing targeted options. The acquisition is expected to be profitable starting in 2027, and GSK said the transaction will be funded through new and existing debt. The two lead programs carry FDA breakthrough therapy and orphan drug designations. Analysts have been watching Nuvalent closely as investors weigh emerging competitive read-throughs in ROS1/ALK space and the likelihood these assets can establish a durable franchise around lung cancer precision targeting. The Nuvalent buyout underscores how quickly pharma is consolidating late-stage targeted oncology programs ahead of potential label expansions and competitive pressure in high-value lung cancer markets.