A phase II trial reported a survival signal for CIMAvax-EGF combined with nivolumab in previously treated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. The regimen produced a median overall survival of 11.9 months, with the largest benefit noted in tumors lacking common actionable alterations (EGFR/ALK/KRAS wild-type). The study adds to the evidence base for vaccine-enabled immune checkpoint strategies—particularly those aimed at EGF signaling rather than exclusively tumor neoantigen targeting. The snippet does not provide response rates, duration metrics, or biomarker definitions in detail, but it highlights a subgroup effect that may guide future trial enrichment. For sponsors developing immuno-oncology combinations, the trial reinforces the recurring theme of identifying which molecular or clinical strata are most likely to benefit from EGF pathway disruption paired with PD-1 blockade. —