The competitive landscape for obesity treatments evolves amid mixed clinical results and market dynamics. Eli Lilly's oral GLP-1 agonist, orforglipron, demonstrated weight loss efficacy up to 11.2% at 72 weeks, lagging behind established injectable drugs like Novo Nordisk's Wegovy and Lilly’s own Zepbound, which show 15-21% reductions. Nonetheless, Lilly emphasizes the safety profile and positions orforglipron for broader use including maintenance therapy. Concurrently, companies like Minghui Pharmaceutical advance PD-1/VEGF bispecific antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates, while Salk Institute researchers explore microproteins as novel regulators of fat biology. These developments reflect ongoing innovation and challenges in addressing the global metabolic disease burden.