Researchers are pioneering enhanced vaccines and immunotherapies with potential to revolutionize treatment. MIT and Scripps researchers combined alum and saponin-based adjuvants to create a supercharged vaccine eliciting durable and diverse antibody responses against HIV and SARS-CoV-2. Bochum University clinicians applied CAR T-cell therapy to treat severe chronic autoimmune polyneuritis by targeting pathogenic B cells, achieving unprecedented disease control. Additionally, the phase IIa trial of Immuneering’s MEK inhibitor in pancreatic cancer showed encouraging activity, highlighting the evolving immunotherapy landscape. These advances illustrate growing sophistication in tailoring immune interventions for infectious and autoimmunity indications.