Emerging treatments in early and advanced NSCLC demonstrate promising efficacy without compromising patients’ quality of life. The Phase 3 CheckMate 77T trial revealed that perioperative nivolumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, preserves health-related quality of life and mitigates symptom worsening in resectable NSCLC. Concurrently, advanced therapies targeting EGFR mutations such as aumolertinib with chemotherapy have demonstrated enhanced progression-free survival, addressing mutations including tumor suppressor gene alterations. These findings, presented at the IASLC 2025 World Conference, highlight the potential to improve clinical outcomes while maintaining patient well-being.