Advances in imaging and molecular diagnostics are enhancing cancer detection and management. Radiomics models combining CT imaging and AI improve preoperative differentiation of challenging liver tumors. PET ratio metrics offer predictive insights into breast tumor responses to chemotherapy. Serum metabolic profiling enables earlier detection and monitoring of brainstem gliomas, a difficult-to-biopsy tumor type. Multi-omics and spatial transcriptome analyses elucidate immune cell heterogeneity driving prostate and breast cancer progression, supporting precision oncology applications. Machine learning models forecast early liver metastasis in pancreatic cancer and survival probabilities in hepatocellular carcinoma, optimizing clinical decision-making.