Innovations in targeted cancer therapies are gaining momentum with major advancements reported in antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and novel prodrug designs. Research published on antibody–bottlebrush prodrugs highlights enhanced targeting capabilities and expanded payload options compared to traditional ADCs. Concurrently, first-in-human data for the DLL3-targeted ADC SHR-4849 in relapsed small cell lung cancer demonstrate promising safety and efficacy. In glioblastoma, studies identify extrachromosomal DNA rings driving tumor aggressiveness, offering new therapeutic targets. These developments signal transformative potential in precision oncology.