Recent material science and bioengineering breakthroughs hold promise for biomedical applications. Innovations include 3D printing devices capable of producing bone grafts intraoperatively, a microfluidic chip automating oocyte cumulus removal to enhance in vitro fertilization, and mucus-polydopamine hollow microspheres designed for efficient drug delivery. Concurrently, molecular discoveries such as the CD36 receptor’s role in enhancing cellular uptake of degrader drugs and genetically engineered innate immune checkpoint inhibitors show potential to advance cancer and regenerative therapies.