Researchers unveiled multiple breakthroughs improving diagnostic precision. A novel redox-sensitive PET tracer enables imaging of neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis models. Machine learning enhanced spectral CT efficacy in distinguishing thyroid micro-nodules, while AI-powered radiomics improved bladder cancer prognosis predictions. Additionally, advanced MRI and serum metabolic profiling technologies are refining staging and survival forecasts in brain and liver cancers, heralding a new era of personalized oncology and neurology diagnostics.