A review focused on T-cell engagers (TCEs) highlighted how engineering choices must balance strong antitumor activity with acceptable safety. The piece emphasized a recurring design problem: in solid tumors especially, TCEs can trigger off-tumor immune activation and excessive cytokine-driven toxicity if binding and activation kinetics are not carefully controlled. The authors framed engineering strategies as a way to preserve potency while limiting unintended immune engagement. The review also connected design principles to observed clinical behavior across tumor settings. For developers building next-generation bispecifics and engager formats, the paper provides a roadmap of what tuning parameters have proven most relevant to activity-to-toxicity tradeoffs.
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