Cutting-edge research continues to unravel molecular pathways influencing cancer progression and immune response. Studies identify EZH2’s role in modulating T cell activation in hepatocellular carcinoma and acylation-related prognostic signatures enhancing immunotherapy precision. Investigations into PERK pathway modulation highlight its influence on colorectal cancer cell fate, while novel findings link MNDA expression to immunosuppressive mechanisms in colorectal malignancies with high microsatellite instability. These advances contribute to refined biomarker identification and therapeutic targeting strategies in oncology.