A phase III BOND-003 Cohort C report extended evidence for an oncolytic approach in a heavily pretreated bladder cancer population defined by BCG unresponsiveness and carcinoma in situ. In addition to efficacy, the trial’s adverse-event profile was reported as mild and transient, supporting tolerability in an older cohort. The trial design includes intravesical once-weekly dosing, the option for re-induction if disease persists at three months, and maintenance for those achieving complete response. The combined design and durability data inform how the therapy may be positioned against cystectomy and other salvage regimens.