Researchers at Karolinska Institutet provided direct evidence of ongoing neurogenesis in the adult human hippocampus, identifying proliferating neural progenitor cells through single-nucleus RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics. These findings, published in Science, highlight active neuron formation across ages up to 78 years. This advances understanding of brain plasticity, with molecular similarities and distinctions to other mammals noted, and may influence future neurological disease research and therapies.