A multinational research collaboration led by the Garvan Institute has introduced AAnet, an AI-based neural network designed to analyze single-cell gene expression profiles from tumors, revealing the intricate cellular heterogeneity within cancers like triple-negative breast cancer. This advanced tool surpasses conventional clustering, capturing continuous gene expression patterns and enabling precise characterization of cancer cell subtypes within individual tumors. The detailed cellular mapping supports development of tailored therapies targeting all malignant populations, aiming to overcome treatment resistance and disease recurrence seen with uniform approaches.