Recent advances in Parkinson’s disease research include theta-frequency deep brain stimulation (DBS) enhancing conflict resolution and a pilot study demonstrating the safety of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) as a therapeutic avenue. These studies explore novel neuromodulation and gut-brain axis interventions that target both motor and cognitive symptoms of Parkinson’s, offering potential to improve patient outcomes. They reflect a broader focus on multi-modal approaches integrating neurophysiology and microbiome science in neurodegenerative therapies.