Research deepens understanding of neurodegenerative disorders through identification of novel biomarkers and molecular mechanisms. Notably, Merck reveals preclinical promise of MK-2214 targeting tau pathology in Alzheimer’s, while emerging data suggest lithium deficiency may contribute to Alzheimer’s progression. Simultaneously, epigenetic regulators influence pain response and immune evasion in neurodegeneration, complementing findings on alpha-synuclein levels’ dispensability in Parkinson’s disease pathology. Together, these discoveries advance diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for neurodegenerative illnesses.