Nature Biotechnology published a review summarizing the latest clinical advances in engineered cellular immunotherapies for autoimmune diseases. Payne and colleagues synthesize emerging trial data across modalities—CAR‑T, regulatory T cells and other modified cell types—highlighting safety signals, durability outcomes, and translational challenges reported in recent clinical studies. The review signals accelerating translation of cell engineering into non‑oncology indications and serves as a practical audit of what technologies, trial designs, and manufacturing approaches are advancing closest to potential approval for autoimmune disorders.