A collaborative team led by the Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia and West China Hospital developed bioactive supramolecular nanoparticles that modulate blood-brain barrier (BBB) transport to promote amyloid-β clearance in Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse models. Unlike conventional nanomedicines, these particles restore BBB function rather than targeting neurons directly. Their approach achieved significant reduction in brain amyloid-β levels and sustained cognitive recovery for up to six months post-treatment. This strategy leverages vascular mechanisms in AD pathology, setting a precedent for precision neurovascular therapies. The research was published in Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, outlining a novel therapeutic paradigm for AD addressing vascular contributions to neurodegeneration.