Two independent advances target core limitations of mRNA therapeutics: delivery potency and molecular durability. MIT researchers engineered a novel lipid nanoparticle that greatly enhances intracellular mRNA delivery potency and suggested a pathway to slash per‑dose mRNA requirements by up to 100‑fold in preclinical models. Separately, a Nature Biotechnology systematic screen identified RNA sequence elements that increase stability and translation of base‑modified mRNA, offering a route to longer‑lasting expression without changing delivery chemistry. Together these studies address dose, cost, and durability — three constraints that have impeded wider clinical adoption of mRNA therapeutics — and may accelerate lower‑dose vaccine and therapeutic regimens.