Researchers at MIT described a new ionizable lipid nanoparticle (LNP) that improved mRNA delivery potency in mice, enabling an influenza mRNA vaccine to elicit comparable immune responses at roughly 1/100 the dose of current FDA‑approved LNP formulations. The team identified AMG1541 as a top candidate after combinatorial screening and design, emphasizing enhanced endosomal escape and biodegradability. Reduced dose requirements could lower manufacturing costs and potentially decrease reactogenicity for next‑generation mRNA vaccines and therapeutics, subject to translation into larger animal models and human trials. Clarification: LNPs are the lipid carriers that protect mRNA and facilitate cellular uptake and endosomal escape for translation.